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罗尔斯对正义的思考并非只是停留在哲学层面上的纯粹思辨,他更多地把作为伦理范畴的正义思想与国家的治理实践结合起来,形成独具特色的国家善治思想。国家善治就是国家要在治理中实现正义价值,这就必须从作为规范人们行为的制度入手,设计一套符合公平正义原则的制度,以保障所治理的社会是一个自由民主的社会;为了在全球范围实现正义,还应有一个万民法来调节这个世界;同时善治传统要在代际间实现传承就应该以公共文化形式来实现。
Rawls’s thinking on justice is not just pure speculation on the philosophical level. He combines the just ideology as an ethical category with the state’s governance practice to form a unique national good governance thought. National good governance means that the state should realize the value of justice in governance. This must be done from the perspective of being a system of regulating people’s behavior and designing a system that is in line with the principle of fairness and justice so as to ensure that the society under control is a free and democratic society. The scope of justice, there should be a universal law to regulate the world; at the same time, good governance tradition to achieve intergenerational inheritance should be achieved in public culture.