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目的:探讨体素内不相干运动扩散加权成像（IVIM-DWI）联合血清指标对前列腺癌的鉴别诊断价值。方法:选取诸暨市人民医院2018年3月至2020年9月收治的前列腺疾病患者97例为研究对象，其中前列腺癌患者（46例）为研究组，前列腺增生患者（51例）为对照组，分别对其行IVIM-DWI诊断、血清前列腺癌抗原2（EPCA-2）检测以及联合检测，比较两组患者IVIM-DWI诊断、血清EPCA-2检测以及联合检测的敏感度、特异度、准确度及其诊断效能。结果:研究组D值［（0.50±0.14）×10n -3 mmn 2/s］和f值（0.35±0.11）均低于对照组［（0.71±0.12）×10n -3 mmn 2/s、（0.59±0.08）］（n t=7.95、12.37，均n P < 0.001），而D*值［（6.24±1.90）×10 n -3 mmn 2/s］和血清EPCA-2［（62.5±18.3）μg/L］均显著高于对照组［（4.08±1.34）×10n -3 mmn 2/s、（17.3±6.8）μg/L］（n t=-6.52、-16.43，均n P < 0.001）；IVIM-DWI和血清EPCA-2联合应用对前列腺癌的整体检出率为53.6%（52/97），敏感度为97.8%（45/46），特异度为74.5%（38/51），准确度为85.6%（83/97）。ROC曲线分析发现联合应用诊断对前列腺癌的诊断敏感度和曲线下面积显著高于单独检测（ n P < 0.05）。n 结论:IVIM-DWI联合血清EPCA-2可显著提高前列腺癌诊断的敏感度，为前列腺癌的鉴别诊断提供了新的视角，具有一定的临床应用价值。“,”Objective:To investigate the differential diagnostic value of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) combined with serum indicators for prostate cancer.Methods:We recruited 97 patients with prostate diseases who received treatment in Zhuji People\'s Hospital from March 2018 to September 2020 for this study. Patients with prostate cancer were included in the study group (n n = 46) and patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia in the control group (n n = 51). All patients were subject to IVIM-DWI and serum early prostate cancer antigen-2 level detection alone or in combination. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and diagnostic efficacy of IVIM-DWI and serum early prostate cancer antigen-2 level detection alone or in combination were compared between the two groups.n Results:D and f values in the study group were (0.50 ± 0.14) × 10n -3 mmn 2/s and (0.35 ± 0.11), respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(0.71 ± 0.12) × 10n -3 mmn 2/s, (0.59 ± 0.08), n t = 7.95, 12.37, bothn P < 0.001]. D* value and serum early prostate cancer antigen-2 level in the study group were (6.24 ± 1.90) × 10 n -3 mmn 2/s and (62.5 ± 18.3) μg/L, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(4.08 ± 1.34) × 10n -3 mmn 2/s, (17.3 ± 6.8) μg/L, n t = -6.52, -16.43, both n P < 0.001]. The overall detection rate, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of IVIM-DWI combined with serum early prostate cancer antigen-2 level detection for prostate cancer were 53.6% (52/97), 97.8% (45/46), 74.5% (38/51), and 85.6% (83/97), respectively. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the sensitivity of IVIM-DWI combined with serum indicators in the diagnosis of prostate cancer and the area under the curve were greater than those produced by IVIM-DWI and serum early prostate cancer antigen-2 level detection alone (both n P < 0.05).n Conclusion:IVIM-DWI combined with serum early prostate cancer antigen-2 level detection has a higher sensitivity in the diagnosis of prostate cancer than monotherapy. The combined therapy provides a new perspective for the differential diagnosis of prostate cancer and has a certain clinical value.