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本文采用中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)数据分析2004-2006年间城乡预防保健服务需求状况及其影响因素,以此提出缩小城乡之间与城乡内部预防保健服务差异的政策建议。考虑样本选择性与医疗保险内生性问题,运用probit估计方法,发现城乡居民的预防保健服务需求存在显著差异,但两者差距呈缩小态势;同时,相较于农村内部,城市内部差异更趋于扩大。影响居民的预防保健服务的需求因素中,除预防保健服务费用是否由医疗保险支付这一因素外,在农村主要是供给方因素,如农村的医疗资源供给水平,在城市主要是需求方因素,如个人收入。
This paper uses the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data to analyze the demand status of urban and rural preventive health services and its influencing factors from 2004 to 2006, and puts forward some policy suggestions to reduce the difference between urban and rural areas and prevent and care services. Considering the problem of sample selection and endogenous health insurance, using probit estimation method, we find that there is a significant difference in demand for preventive health services between urban and rural residents, but the gap between the two is decreasing; at the same time, the internal differences tend to be more in rural areas than in rural areas expand. Among the demand factors that affect residents’ preventive health care services, except for the factors that prevent health care services from being paid by medical insurance, the main contributors in rural areas are the supply of medical resources in rural areas, the demand-side factors in cities, Such as personal income.