干涉特征作为检测断层的手段

• 作 者: Evgeny Landa Boris Gurevice 张绍红
• 机 构: 中国地质大学(北京),
• 出 处: 国外油气勘探
• 发表日期: 1999年03期
• 关键词: 振幅曲线 地震资料解释 断层位移 共炮点道集 静校正问题 叠加剖面 炮点 不连续性 同相轴 速度误差

地震资料解释中一个最重要的问题就是检验和识别断层和断层带。传统的方法基于肉眼观测叠加剖面以识别反射层不连续性。这种方法当受到解释员的地质知识约束时是最有效的,因而,这使得该方法很大程度上依赖于解释人员的经验及其有关的先验地质知识。小幅度断层的模糊性很大,因为排齐的反射同相轴中小的不连续性在处理时可能被平滑或被完全消除。另一方面,地震部面上这种不连续性不仅可能由断层引起,还可能由静校正问题或速度误差等造成。

One of the most important problems in the interpretation of seismic data is the verification and identification of faults and fault zones. The traditional approach is to superimpose the profile based on macroscopic observations to identify the discontinuity of the reflective layer. This method is most effective when it is constrained by the geotechnical knowledge of the interpreter, thus making it largely dependent on the interpreter’s experience and its associated prior geological knowledge. Small-scale faults are quite vague because small discontinuities in aligned reflection events may be smoothed out or eliminated completely. On the other hand, this discontinuity on the seismic section may not only be caused by faults, but also by static correction problems or speed errors.