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南方红豆杉是我国特有的濒危植物,因其具有抗癌药用价值而被过度采集,导致现存种群减少.采用超声辅助提取和HPLC检测人工引种及野生南方红豆杉植株中紫杉醇、7-木糖紫杉醇、三尖杉宁碱等活性成分含量,分析其在不同部位、年限和坡向的分布规律.结果表明:南方红豆杉人工引种后,植株中的紫杉醇、7-木糖紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱含量变化明显,野生植株中紫杉醇含量显著高于人工栽培植株,约为栽培植株的1.8倍,其他2种物质含量以人工栽培略高.不同部位、冠层样品中3种活性物质含量差异显著,以茎皮、高冠层枝叶含量较高.不同年限南方红豆杉植株中紫杉醇、7-木糖紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱含量以4年生植株较高,分别为0.08、0.91和0.32mg·g-1.不同坡向植株中3种活性成分含量以阳坡植株较高,紫杉醇和7-木糖紫杉醇含量差异显著,三尖杉宁碱含量差异不显著.南方红豆杉中3种活性成分的积累与光照条件密切相关,栽培过程中适当增加光照有利于3种活性成分的积累.
Taxus chinensis, an endemic endangered plant in China, was over-collected due to its anti-cancer medicinal value, resulting in the reduction of the existing population.The taxol and 7-xylose in artificial introduction and wild Taxus chinensis Paclitaxel, cephalomannine and other active ingredients content, analysis of its distribution in different parts, age and aspect.The results showed that: Taxus chinensis planted artificially, the plant paclitaxel, 7-xylose paclitaxel and Cephalotaxus The content of naringin obviously changed, the content of paclitaxel in wild plants was significantly higher than that of artificial plants, about 1.8 times that of cultivated plants, the content of the other two substances was slightly higher in artificial cultivation.The contents of three active substances in different parts and canopy samples The content of taxol, 7-xylose paclitaxel and cephalomannine in Taxus chinensis var.mongolica was higher in 4-year-old plants, which were 0.08, 0.91 and 0.32 mg · G-1. The contents of three active ingredients in different slope plants were higher in the sunny slope, the contents of paclitaxel and 7-xylitol were significantly different, and the content of cephalomannine was not significant. Is closely related to the three kinds of light conditions and accumulation of the active ingredient, suitable cultivation process is conducive to increasing light accumulation of the active ingredient of three kinds.