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目的了解卫生村创建前后农村居民对相关健康知识的掌握程度及健康行为形成情况,为今后开展创建工作提供科学依据。方法根据卫生村创建标准中的相关内容设计调查问卷,内容包括:调查人群一般情况、了解健康知识的途径、相关健康知识知晓率、健康行为形成情况等。由经过专业培训的调查员于创建前后入户询问调查。计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果农村居民通过多种途径获得健康知识的人数由创建前的24.22%上升至创建后的36.46%(P<0.05),农村居民健康知识平均知晓率由创建前的73.59%上升至创建后的92.07%(P<0.05),农村居民健康行为的总形成率由创建前的72.84%上升至创建后的85.65%(P<0.05)。结论农村社区健康教育是一项长期工作。创建卫生村对提高农村居民卫生健康意识、促进农村居民健康行为形成效果显著,是推动农村健康教育工作深入开展及提高全民健康知识水平的有效手段。
Objective To understand the mastery degree of rural residents about health knowledge before and after the establishment of health village and the formation of health behaviors and to provide a scientific basis for the future work. Methods Based on the relevant contents of the criteria for creating health villages, a questionnaire was designed, which included: survey of general population, ways to understand health knowledge, awareness of relevant health knowledge and formation of health behaviors. Investigate by professionally-trained investigators before and after the establishment. Count data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The number of rural residents who obtained health knowledge through various ways increased from 24.22% before the establishment to 36.46% after the establishment (P <0.05). The average awareness rate of rural residents’ health knowledge rose from 73.59% before the establishment to 92.07 % (P <0.05). The overall incidence of health behaviors among rural residents increased from 72.84% before the establishment to 85.65% after the establishment (P <0.05). Conclusion Rural community health education is a long-term endeavor. To create a health village to improve rural residents ’health awareness and promote the formation of rural residents’ health behavior is significant, is an effective means to promote rural health education in depth and improve the national health knowledge level.