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对吉林省公主岭市国家黑土肥力和肥料效益长期定位试验(2014年土样)进行测定和分析,探讨长期定位施肥条件下黑土中微生物量碳、氮和微生物数量在玉米生育期内的动态变化。结果表明,长期不同定位施肥处理黑土中微生物量碳、氮在玉米生育期内呈大致相同的变化规律,从苗期至拔节期下降,拔节期至开花期上升并达到峰值,开花期至收获期下降。微生物数量在苗期至拔节期变化不明显,开花期微生物数量急剧上升,达到峰值,开花期至灌浆期明显下降,并趋于稳定。黑土中微生物量碳、氮和微生物数量在玉米生育期内的动态变化表现出较好的一致性,长期不同定位施肥处理之间相比,有机无机配施、秸秆还田、玉米与大豆轮作等施肥措施可提高土壤中微生物量碳、氮含量和微生物数量。
The long-term experiment (2014 soil sample) of black soil fertility and fertilizer benefit in Gongzhuling City of Jilin Province was measured and analyzed to investigate the dynamic changes of soil microbial biomass C, N and microbial biomass during the growth and development of maize under long-term fertilization. The results showed that the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in black soil with long-term different fertilization treatments showed the same variation pattern during the growth of maize, decreasing from the seedling stage to the jointing stage and from the jointing stage to the flowering stage, reaching the peak from flowering stage to harvesting stage decline. The number of microbes did not change significantly at seedling stage to jointing stage. The number of microbes at flowering stage increased sharply and reached its peak, decreased significantly from flowering stage to grain filling stage, and tended to be stable. The dynamics of microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and microbial biomass in black soil showed good consistency during the growth of maize. Compared with the long-term different fertilization treatments, organic and inorganic fertilization, straw returning, corn and soybean rotation Fertilization measures can increase soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and microbial populations.