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目的分析2010-2015年漯河市疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)的表现特点,评价AEFI监测信息管理系统运转情况,评价预防接种服务的质量和疫苗的安全性。方法通过全国疑似预防接种异常反应监测系统收集2010-2015年漯河市AEFI个案数据,采用描述性方法进行流行病学分析。结果 2010-2015年监测系统共报告漯河市AEFI病例612例;报告发生率为10.85/10万剂;反应多发生在2岁以下儿童(占77.12%),反应时间主要集中在接种后48 h内(占89.70%);以一般反应为主(占80.55%),主要表现为中度发热;异常反应共97例,其中以过敏性皮疹最多(占46.39%);出现反应居前三位的疫苗分别是无细胞百白破疫苗129例(占21.08%),乙脑减毒活疫苗101例(占16.50%),麻疹-风疹联合减毒活疫苗99例(占16.18%);2014年以后48h内报告及调查率达到了100.00%。结论漯河市AEFI监测系统正常运转,但不同县区监测敏感性不同,应继续提升各级医疗卫生机构诊断、分类和规范处置方面的能力。
Objective To analyze the performance characteristics of AEFI in Luohe City during 2010-2015, evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring information management system and evaluate the quality of vaccination services and the safety of vaccines. Methods AEFI data from 2010 to 2015 in Luohe City were collected through a national monitoring system of suspected anaphylaxis immunosuppression. Epidemiological analysis was conducted by descriptive method. Results A total of 612 AEFI cases were reported in Luohe City during 2010-2015. The reported incidence was 10.85 / 10 million doses. Most of the reactions occurred in children under 2 years old (77.12%). The response time was mainly within 48 hours after inoculation (Accounting for 89.70%); the general reaction was mainly (80.55%), mainly manifested as moderate fever; the abnormal reaction was 97 cases, of which allergic rash was the most (46.39%); the top three vaccines 129 cases (21.08%) were cell-free diphtheria-pertussis vaccine, 101 cases were live attenuated JE vaccine (16.50%), 99 cases were measles-rubella live attenuated vaccine (16.18%), 48 hours after 2014 Internal report and investigation rate reached 100.00%. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Luohe City is in normal operation. However, the monitoring sensitivity in different counties and districts is different. It should continue to improve the ability of medical and health institutions at all levels to diagnose, classify and standardize disposal.