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作用在液力变矩器工作轮上的轴向载荷的大小对液力变矩器的工作可靠性和寿命会产生重要影响。通过三维流场数值模拟,得到典型工况下单个循环流道液流的速度分布和压力分布,在此基础上可计算出液力变矩器的轴向载荷。以D245综合式液力变矩器为例,利用CFD软件进行了轴向载荷的计算,结果表明:运用三维流场理论进行循环液流的流场计算,其误差可控制在5～8%范围内;运用三维流场理论计算的轴向载荷较之一维束流理论计算的结果要更精确:综合式液力变矩器工作中轴向载荷的大小随转速比的变化呈一定规律,即随转速比i的降低,各工作轮的轴向力均增大,当i=0时轴向载荷达到最大值。
The magnitude of the axial load acting on the hydrodynamic torque converter wheel can have a significant effect on the operational reliability and life of the torque converter. Through three-dimensional flow field numerical simulation, the velocity distribution and pressure distribution of the liquid flow in a single circulation channel under typical working conditions are obtained. Based on this, the axial load of the hydrodynamic torque converter can be calculated. Taking D245 integrated torque converter as an example, the CFD software was used to calculate the axial load. The results show that the error of flow field can be controlled in the range of 5-8% by using the three-dimensional flow field theory ; The axial load calculated by the three-dimensional flow field theory is more accurate than the one-dimensional beam flow theory. The axial load in the integrated hydrodynamic torque converter varies with the speed ratio, that is, As the speed ratio i decreases, the axial force of each working wheel increases, when i = 0, the axial load reaches the maximum value.