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采用平板涂布法研究了土样不同预处理方法、杂菌抑制剂种类对土壤放线菌分离效果的影响。结果表明:风干处理(7~10d)土样,放线菌的分离效果优于热处理(120℃×1h),所分离到的放线菌数量和种类较多,且易于纯化,杂菌(细菌、真菌)明显减少,而供试土样经120℃热处理1h几乎未分离出放线菌,细菌数量仍较多,真菌全部被杀死;通过对4种杂菌抑制剂及其组合反复试验,选择出了土壤放线菌分离与纯化适宜的杂菌抑制剂种类(S+Q)和最佳用量,山梨酸钾(S)、氨苄西林钠(Q)在GA中的最佳使用剂量分别为30、3mg/L,而重铬酸钾(Z)及其组合Z+Q对土壤细菌、真菌也有一定的抑制作用,但抑菌效果比S+Q差,且放线菌的分离数量也较低。因此,进行风干处理土样和向放线菌分离培养基(GA)中加入杂菌抑制剂S+Q双重处理,可得到土壤放线菌分离与纯化较佳的效果。
The effects of different pretreatment methods and antibacterial inhibitors on the isolation of soil actinomycetes were studied by plate coating method. The results showed that the isolation of actinomycetes was more effective than the heat treatment (120 ℃ × 1h) in the air-dried soil samples (7 ~ 10d), the number and types of actinomycetes isolated were more and more easily purified, , Fungi) decreased significantly, but the actinomycetes hardly separated from the test soil samples after heat treatment at 120 ℃ for 1h, the number of bacteria was still large, and all the fungi were killed. Through repeated experiments on four kinds of bacterial inhibitors and their combinations, The optimum dosages of S + Q and the optimal dosage of the isolation and purification of soil actinomycetes were selected. The optimum dosages of potassium sorbate (S) and ampicillin (Q) in GA were 30,3mg / L, while potassium dichromate (Z) and its combination Z + Q also inhibited the soil bacteria and fungi, but the bacteriostatic effect was worse than that of S + Q, and the amount of actinomycetes separated low. Therefore, it is better to separate and purify soil actinomycetes by air-drying soil samples and adding S + Q, a bacteriostatic agent, to actinomycete isolation medium (GA).