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目的了解辽宁省锦州市在校大学生膳食中镉的污染状况及食用安全性。方法分层随机采集12类食物样品,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定其中镉的含量,并结合大学生膳食调查中各类食物的消费量,估算其膳食中镉的实际摄入量,与世界卫生组织(WHO)/联合国粮农组织(FAO)食品添加剂联合专家委员会(JECFA)推荐的暂定每月可耐受摄入量(PTMI)相比较,评价大学生膳食中镉摄入量的安全性。结果在12类膳食中镉平均含量较高的是水产类和肉类,分别为0.131mg/kg和0.109mg/kg;大学生膳食中镉的主要摄入来源为水产品、肉、蔬菜和谷类,分别占每日总镉摄入量的34.08%、24.02%、17.32%和17.32%;镉摄入量的平均值和中位数值均低于PTMI值,在人体可耐受范围之内,但P97.5值超过PTMI值12.4%。结论大学生膳食中镉的摄入量相对安全,但大量摄入含镉量较多的食物仍存在潜在危害,因此有必要降低高镉食物摄入量。
Objective To understand the status of dietary cadmium pollution and food safety among college students in Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province. Methods Stochastically 12 food samples were collected by stratified analysis, and the content of cadmium in them was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Combined with the consumption of various kinds of food in college students’ dietary survey, the actual intake of cadmium in their diet was estimated, The safety of cadmium intake among undergraduates was evaluated in comparison with the tentative monthly tolerable intake (PTMI) recommended by the WHO / FAO Joint Committee of Experts on Food Additives (JECFA). Results The average cadmium content of 12 kinds of diets were aquatic products and meat, which were 0.131mg / kg and 0.109mg / kg, respectively. The main sources of cadmium in college students’ diet were aquatic products, meat, vegetables and cereals, Respectively, accounting for 34.08%, 24.02%, 17.32% and 17.32% of total daily cadmium intake. The mean and median of cadmium intake were below the PTMI value within the tolerable range of human body, but P97 The .5 value exceeds the PTMI value by 12.4%. Conclusions The dietary intake of cadmium in university students is relatively safe. However, the intake of cadmium in large quantities is still potentially harmful. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the intake of high-cadmium foods.