论文部分内容阅读
以设施葡萄“红提”为试材,利用人工控制环境试验,设置昼温30℃,空气相对湿度(70±5)%(T1),35℃、(80±5)%(T2),40℃、(90±5)%(T3)为处理。以昼温25℃,空气相对湿度(60±5)%为对照(CK),所有处理夜温为18℃。测定了不同处理的葡萄叶片气孔和光合参数,分析了高温高湿复合灾害对设施葡萄叶片气孔和光合特性的影响。结果表明:气孔特征在高温高湿的处理下发生变化,T1、T2的气孔尺寸、开度等指标随着高温高湿的加剧略有下降,气孔密度则相反;T3变化最为明显,叶片气孔尺寸,气孔开度和气孔开张比等指标在8d时比CK分别减小了约20%、60%和50%,气孔密度增加了40%。叶片净光合速率的大小顺序为CK>T1>T2>T3。其中,叶片气孔导度和蒸腾速率的变化随着高温高湿的加剧呈现正相关关系。处理T3的气孔导度和蒸腾速率最小,分别为0.026mol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)、0.72g·m~(-2)·h~(-1)。因此,过高的温度和湿度会导致气孔导度、净光合速率和蒸腾速率的大幅下降,该研究结果可为设施葡萄温湿度调控提供参考依据。
The temperature of 30 ℃, air relative humidity (70 ± 5)% (T1), 35 ℃, (80 ± 5)% (T2) , 40 ℃, (90 ± 5)% (T3) for treatment. The daily temperature was 25 ℃ and the air relative humidity (60 ± 5)% was CK. The stomatal and photosynthetic parameters of grape leaves under different treatments were measured, and the effects of high temperature and high humidity on the stomata and photosynthetic characteristics of grape leaves were analyzed. The results showed that the stomatal characteristics changed under the high temperature and high humidity. The stomatal size and opening of T1 and T2 decreased slightly with the increase of high temperature and high humidity, but the stomatal density was opposite. The change of T3 was the most obvious. The stomatal size , Stomatal opening and stomatal opening ratio decreased by 20%, 60% and 50% respectively at 8 days and stomatal density increased by 40%. The order of leaf net photosynthetic rate was CK> T1> T2> T3. Among them, the changes of leaf stomatal conductance and transpiration rate showed a positive correlation with the increase of high temperature and high humidity. The stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of T3 were the lowest, which were 0.026mol · m -2 · s -1 and 0.72g · m -2 · h -1, respectively. Therefore, too high temperature and humidity can lead to a substantial decline in stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate. The results of this study can provide a reference for the regulation of temperature and humidity in facilities grapes.