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为明确食物中重金属离子在蜘蛛体内的传递、生物放大及对其生长历期和耐饥力的影响,采用原子吸收光谱法检测了拟水狼蛛Pirata subpiraticus取食加Cd2+食物后体内Cd2+含量变化情况,测定了Cd2+对其发育历期和耐饥力的间接影响。结果表明:食物中的Cd2+能够通过食物链进行传递并在拟水狼蛛体内积累,积累量随拟水狼蛛龄期的增长而增加,积累量与消耗的黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster数量极显著正相关(P<0.01),与消耗食物中Cd2+含量显著正相关(P<0.05);对食物中Cd2+的吸收率为65.4%,生物放大因子为1.8。成蛛改喂无Cd2+的黑腹果蝇后在观察的4周内体内Cd2+含量变化不明显。食物中的Cd2+能导致拟水狼蛛的发育历期显著延长、耐饥力显著降低。研究结果可为进一步研究环境中Cd2+沿土壤-昆虫-天敌传递、放大和生理耐受等提供理论依据。
In order to clarify the effect of heavy metal ions in food on bioavailability and bioaccumulation, and to investigate their growth duration and endurance to starvation, the changes of Cd2 + content in Pirata subpiraticus fed with Cd2 + were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry The indirect effects of Cd2 + on its developmental duration and resistance to starvation were measured. The results showed that Cd2 + in food could be transmitted through the food chain and accumulated in the body of Pirata subpiraticus. The accumulated amount of Cd2 + in food increased with the increase of the spider stage of Drosophila melanogaster (P <0.01), and there was a significant positive correlation between Cd2 + content and food consumption (P <0.05). The absorption rate of Cd2 + in food was 65.4% and the biomagnification factor was 1.8. Into a spider changed to non-Cd2 + Drosophila melanogaster after 4 weeks of observation in vivo Cd2 content was not significantly changed. Cd2 + in food can lead to a significant prolongation of the developmental duration of Pirata subpiraticus and a marked decrease of the hunger resistance. The results provide a theoretical basis for further study on the transmission, amplification and physiological tolerance of Cd2 + along soil-insect-natural enemies.