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[目的]为防治黄冠梨花斑病提供理论依据。[方法]按照4种肥料的推荐剂量喷施黄冠梨,以清水为对照,测量喷肥前后果皮、果肉中的钙含量和氮含量,调查喷肥前后病情。[结果]黄冠梨健康果实、果皮和果肉中的钙含量较高,氮含量较低,感病果实刚好相反。不同级别黄冠梨感病果实、果皮和果肉中的钙含量、氮含量差异显著。黄冠梨发病情况与果皮和果肉中的钙含量呈现明显的负相关,与氮含量呈现明显的正相关。喷施钙肥后,果肉中的钙含量差异极显著;果皮中的钙含量以喷施30%腐殖酸钙最高。喷施0.3%CaCl2、4%氨基酸钙、30%腐殖酸钙和28%Ca2000钙宝30d后,病情指数明显降低,依次为58.75%、62.66%、65.18%和58.08%。[结论]黄冠梨的花斑病是与果实中钙的缺乏和氮的过剩有关。
[Objective] The research aimed to provide theoretical basis for prevention and cure of Huangguan pear spotted disease. [Method] According to the recommended dosages of four kinds of fertilizers, Huangguan pear was sprayed with water as control. The contents of calcium and nitrogen in peel and pulp before and after the spraying were measured. [Result] The results showed that the content of calcium in fruit, peel and pulp of Huangguan pear was higher, the content of nitrogen was lower and the susceptible fruit was the opposite. Different levels of Huang Guan pear susceptible fruit, peel and pulp in the calcium content, nitrogen content significantly different. The incidence of Huangguan pear and peel and pulp in the calcium content showed a significant negative correlation with the nitrogen content showed a significant positive correlation. After spraying calcium fertilizer, the difference of calcium content in pulp was significant; the content of calcium in peel was the highest with spraying 30% humic acid. After spraying 0.3% CaCl2, 4% calcium amino acid, 30% calcium humic acid and 28% Ca2000 Caobao for 30 days, the disease index decreased obviously, which was 58.75%, 62.66%, 65.18% and 58.08% respectively. [Conclusion] The spot disease of Huangguan pear is related to the deficiency of calcium and excess of nitrogen in fruit.