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本文报告了小脑瘤59例,并着重分析小脑髓母细胞瘤的放射疗效。患者大部分是儿童,男、女之比为2.7:1。肿瘤的病理分类,髓母细胞瘤与星形细胞瘤各24例(各占40.7％)。髓母细胞瘤主要发生在小脑蚓部,所以病程的早期即可引起脑脊液循环障碍导致高颅压的发生,本组19/24例(79％)从发生症状起半年内发生高颅压。髓母细胞瘤的另一特点是瘤细胞随着脑脊液的循环而引起全中枢神经系统的播散,因此,恶性度大,病程短。而星形细胞瘤主要发生部位在小脑的两半球,故早期不发生高颅压,且此瘤在病理特点上属半良半恶性,转移较慢,病程较长。本组在1～2年内发生高颅压者11/24例(45％)。 手术治疗只能暂时缓解高颅压,长期疗效不佳。本组全部病例均于术后进行放射治疗,用~(60)Co4,000～
This article reports 59 cases of cerebellar neoplasms, and focuses on the analysis of radiation therapy of cerebellar medulloblastoma. Most patients are children, male and female ratio of 2.7: 1. Tumor classification, medulloblastoma and astrocytoma in 24 cases (40.7% each). The medulloblastoma mainly occurs in the vermis of the cerebellum, so the early course of the disease can cause circulatory disturbance of the cerebrospinal fluid leading to the occurrence of intracranial hypertension. In 19/24 patients (79%), intracranial hypertension occurred within six months after the onset of symptoms. Another feature of medulloblastoma tumor cells with the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid caused by the central nervous system dissemination, therefore, a large degree of malignancy, short duration. The main occurrence of astrocytoma in the cerebellum of the two hemispheres, it does not occur early high intracranial pressure, and the tumor in the pathological features of a semi-benign and malignant, slower transfer, longer duration. The group occurred in 1 to 2 years, 11/24 cases of intracranial hypertension (45%). Surgical treatment can only temporarily relieve high intracranial pressure, long-term curative effect is not good. All patients in this group after radiotherapy, with ~ (60) Co4,000 ~