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目的了解梅州市2010-2013年法定报告传染病发病情况及流行特征,分析其变化趋势,为制定相应的防治对策提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对梅州市2010-2013年法定传染病疫情报告资料进行分析。结果 2010-2013年梅州市共报告法定传染病26种123 309例(其中乙类传染病31 423例,丙类传染病91 886例),年均发病率为721.21/10万;死亡107例,年均死亡率0.63/10万。报告肠道传染病3种1 125例,占乙类传染病总数的3.58%;报告呼吸道传染病5种13 583例,占乙类传染病总数的43.23%;报告自然疫源及虫媒传染病6种79例,占乙类传染病总数的0.25%;报告血源性及性传播传染病4种16 631例,占乙类传染病总数的52.93%。发病数居前5位的主要传染病依次为手足口病(44 412例)、其他感染性腹泻病(39 376例)、肺结核(13 493例)、乙型肝炎(7 706例)、梅毒(6 776例)。结论手足口病、其他感染性腹泻病、肺结核、乙型肝炎和梅毒是梅州市近年来需重点防控的传染病,今后须加大对肠道传染病和血源性及性传播传染病的防控力度,同时注意新发传染病的出现,巩固疾病预防控制工作成效。
Objective To understand the incidence and epidemic characteristics of statutory reported communicable diseases in Meizhou from 2010 to 2013, analyze the changing trends and provide a scientific basis for formulating corresponding control strategies. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the reported data of notifiable infectious diseases in Meizhou during 2010-2013. Results A total of 123,309 cases of legal infectious diseases (including 31,423 cases of type B infectious diseases and 91,886 cases of type C infectious diseases) were reported in Meizhou City from 2010 to 2013 with an average annual incidence rate of 721.21 / 100,000 and 107 deaths, The average annual death rate of 0.63 / 100000. Reported 1,135 cases of three kinds of intestinal infectious diseases, accounting for 3.58% of the total number of class B infectious diseases; 13,583 cases of reported 5 types of respiratory infectious diseases, accounting for 43.23% of the total number of class B infectious diseases; reported natural foci and vector-borne diseases Six kinds of 79 cases, accounting for 0.25% of the total number of type B infectious diseases. There were 16,631 cases of 4 types of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections, accounting for 52.93% of the total number of type B infectious diseases. The top five infectious diseases were HFMD (44 412), other infectious diarrhea (39 376), tuberculosis (13 493), hepatitis B (7 706), syphilis 6 776 cases). Conclusion Hand, foot and mouth disease, other infectious diarrhea, tuberculosis, hepatitis B and syphilis are major infectious diseases that need to be prevented and controlled in recent years in Meizhou City. In the future, it is necessary to increase the risk of intestinal infectious diseases and blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections Prevention and control efforts, while paying attention to the emergence of new infectious diseases, and consolidate the effectiveness of disease prevention and control work.