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油藏开发过程中和地质色层效应存在着两个非均质体，即储层本身的非均质体和储层流体差异性引起的流体非均质体．油藏烃类纵横向上化学组成与物理性质（含相态）的差异性是油藏描述，特别是精细描述的主要内容．从油藏的油源、储层的注入过程、二次运移过程中烃类组成的变化以及储层的混合作用四个方面较全面、系统的分析了烃类差异性形成的机理．并且从确定油藏注入史、确定储层内部连通性和流体界面以及进行油田开发动态监测等方面总结了这一研究的应用进展．烃类差异性研究不仅具有学术价值，而且具有一定的实用价值．它为精细油藏描述开拓了新的思路和方法、进而为扩大油气勘探领域提供了新的工具，为提高油气采收率技术和开发方案的可靠性提供了更有效的技术手段．
There are two heterogeneous bodies in the process of reservoir development and geological color effect, namely, the heterogeneous body and the fluid heterogeneity caused by reservoir fluid. The differences between vertical and horizontal chemical composition and physical properties (including phase) of hydrocarbons in reservoirs are the main contents of reservoir description, especially fine description. The mechanisms of formation of hydrocarbon heterogeneity are comprehensively and systematically analyzed from four aspects: oil source in reservoir, injection process of reservoir, hydrocarbon composition in secondary migration and reservoir mixing. The progress of this research is summarized from the aspects of determining the history of reservoir injection, determining the inter-reservoir connectivity and fluid interface, and the dynamic monitoring of oilfield development. Hydrocarbon diversity research not only has academic value, but also has some practical value. It opens up new ideas and methods for fine reservoir description, and thus provides new tools for expanding the field of oil and gas exploration and provides more effective technical means for improving the reliability of oil and gas recovery technologies and development schemes.