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目的：观察国产５－ＨＴ３阻滞剂－盐酸恩丹西酮预防化疗所致呕吐的临床疗效。方法：采用随机自身交替对照方法分为两组观察，接受顺铂联合化疗组及非顺铂联合化疗组各２５例。盐酸恩丹西酮８ｍｇ，化疗前１５分钟静注，恩丹西酮８ｍｇ，化疗后８小时口服。对照组：胃复安２０ｍｇ，化疗前１５分钟肌注，胃复安８ｍｇ化疗后８小时口服。结果：盐酸恩丹西酮对控制急性呕吐的有效率为９６．０％，胃复安６８．０％，其中ＣＲ分别为８４．０％和４６．０％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论：国产盐酸恩丹西酮对化疗所致呕吐具有良好的止吐效果，副作用小，且无锥体外系症状。
Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of domestic 5-HT3 blocker-ondansetron hydrochloride in preventing vomiting induced by chemotherapy. METHODS: Randomized self-alternative control was used to divide the patients into two groups. Twenty-five patients received cisplatin combined chemotherapy and non-cisplatin combined chemotherapy. Ondansetron hydrochloride 8 mg, intravenously 15 minutes before chemotherapy, ondansetron 8 mg, orally 8 hours after chemotherapy. Control group: Metoclopramide 20 mg, intramuscular injection 15 minutes before chemotherapy, and 8 hours after metoclopramide 8 mg chemotherapy. Results: The effective rate of ondansetron hydrochloride was 96.0% in controlling acute vomiting and 68.0% in metoclopramide, in which CR was 84.0% and 46.0%, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusion: Ondansetron hydrochloride has a good antiemetic effect on chemotherapy-induced vomiting, with little side effects and no extrapyramidal symptoms.