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目的探讨笑气吸入与硬膜外阻滞麻醉在无痛分娩中的效果和对母婴安全的影响。方法将540例产妇按照入院的先后顺序随机分为三组,每组180例。A组采用硬膜外阻滞麻醉镇痛,B组采用笑气吸入镇痛,C组不予应用镇痛药。比较三组产妇镇痛效果、产程时间、分娩方式、产妇出血量及新生儿窒息率。结果 A组与B组镇痛效果比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),A、B两组镇痛效果明显优于C组(P<0.05);三组活跃期时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),A组第二产程时间最短,与B、C两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),B、C两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A、B两组剖宫产率明显低于C组(P<0.05),A、B两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);三组助产率、产后出血量及新生儿窒息率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论笑气吸入和硬膜外阻滞麻醉可有效缓解产妇疼痛,降低剖宫产率,且对母婴无不良影响,临床应用安全有效。
Objective To investigate the effect of nostril inhalation and epidural anesthesia on painless childbirth and the impact on maternal and child safety. Methods 540 maternal women were randomly divided into three groups according to the order of admission, with 180 cases in each group. A group of epidural anesthesia analgesia, B group inhaled nitrous oxide analgesia, C group does not apply analgesics. The analgesic effect, labor time, delivery mode, maternal bleeding and neonatal asphyxia were compared among the three groups. Results There was no significant difference in the analgesic effects between group A and group B (P> 0.05). The analgesic effects of group A and B were significantly better than those of group C (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the active time among the three groups (P <0.05). The time of the second stage of labor was the shortest in group A, the difference was statistically significant between group B and C (P <0.05). The difference between group B and C was statistically significant (P <0.05). The cesarean section rates in groups A and B were significantly lower than those in group C (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between groups A and B (P> 0.05). The three groups showed that the rate of cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal asphyxia There was no significant difference in rates (P> 0.05). Conclusion Noxious inhalation and epidural anesthesia can effectively relieve the maternal pain, reduce the rate of cesarean section, and have no adverse effects on maternal and infant. The clinical application is safe and effective.