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早在 1 791年 ,美国就将被追诉方申请法官采用强制程序获取有利于本方证据的权利作为被追诉人的一项宪法权利加以规定。当今 ,许多国家和国际公约都将这一权利确定为被追诉人的一项基本人权。这一权利对于强化被追诉方获取有利于本方证据的能力 ,提高刑事诉讼的事实发现机能和诉讼效率都具有非常重要的意义。我国立法对这一权利的规定存在许多疏漏和不科学之处 ,这导致被追诉方的这一权利在司法实践中基本上没有得到落实。有必要从主体、程序、救济等多个方面全面完善我国立法的相关规定。
As early as 1979, the United States provided for the constitutional rights of the person sought as a prosecutor by applying for a judge’s compulsory procedure of obtaining the right in favor of the party. Today, many national and international conventions have defined this right as a fundamental human right of the person sought. This right plays an important role in enhancing the ability of the accused party to obtain evidence that is beneficial to the party and improving the fact-finding function and efficiency of criminal proceedings. There are many omissions and unscientific points in our country’s legislation on this right, which leads to the fact that this right of the accused party has not been basically implemented in judicial practice. It is necessary to comprehensively improve the relevant provisions of our legislation from the aspects of subject, procedure, relief and so on.