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一、我国粮食市场的缺陷1.价格调节功能滞后。我国粮食生产具有千家万户小规模经营的特点,市场信号放大作用非常显著,从而使得粮食生产潜在波动性很大,粮食市场的供求波动呈现出典型的“蛛网模型”。造成这种现象的主要原因是目前粮食市场对农户发出的信号都是农产品价格的过期信息和当期的市场价格,而不是市场的预期价格。另外,国家制定的粮食保护价所依据的也是过期的和当期的粮食市场价格。这样就造成了以上年的价格调节当年生产,又以当年价格调节明年生产。这样,粮食价格对生产和供给的调节表现出明显
First, the defects of China’s grain market 1. Price regulation lags behind. The grain production in our country has the characteristics of small-scale operation of thousands of households and the effect of market signal amplification is very significant. As a result, the potential volatility of grain production is very great. The fluctuation of supply and demand in the grain market presents a typical “cobweb model.” The main reason for this phenomenon is that the current signals from grain markets to farmers are both out-of-date information on the prices of agricultural products and the current market prices, not the expected market prices. In addition, the food protection price set by the state is also based on the expired and current food market prices. This resulted in more than the previous year’s price adjustment of production, but also to adjust the current year’s price of production. In this way, the adjustment of grain prices to production and supply has become clear