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苏联为扩张其战后远东地区的势力范围,在《雅尔塔密约》中要求外蒙古独立。于是,中苏两国在1945年进行的《中苏友好同盟条约》谈判中,外蒙古问题成为一个焦点。这一问题包括两个层面,一是外蒙古独立问题,二是外蒙古疆界问题。但是,既往研究对外蒙古疆界问题的重视不够。其实,国民政府不仅在波茨坦会议期间,重提外蒙古疆界问题,而且在《中苏友好同盟条约》谈判、缔结过程中也对这一问题高度重视、处心积虑,使这一问题不仅在中苏谈判中为保护中方权益发挥筹码作用,而且在条约换文的规定中还为未来的疆界谈判留了余地。这一问题给国民政府与蒙古人民共和国之间的外交关系,以及后来的彼此疆界纠纷带来了一定影响。
In order to expand its sphere of influence in the Far East after the war, the Soviet Union demanded that Mongolia be independent in the Yalta Miyauo. Thus, during the negotiations on the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance between China and the Soviet Union in 1945, the issue of Outer Mongolia became a focal point. This issue includes two levels, one is the issue of independence in outer Mongolia, and the other is the issue of outer boundary of outer Mongolia. However, previous studies did not pay enough attention to the problems of the outer boundary of Mongolia. In fact, the Kuomintang Government not only raised the issue of the border area of Outer Mongolia during the Potsdam meeting, but also attached great importance to this issue during the negotiation and conclusion of the “Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance,” so that this issue not only made the Sino-Soviet negotiations In the protection of the rights of China to play a bargaining chip, but also in exchange for the provisions of the treaty also for the future negotiations on the border left room. This issue has brought a certain impact on the diplomatic relations between the Kuomintang government and the Mongolian People’s Republic and on the subsequent dispute over each other’s borders.