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1 问题的提出采用6dB法和20dB法对被检物内的缺陷进行测量和定位,如测量方法和步骤不当,可能会对结果造成误差或遗漏,这里以管道对接焊缝为例,说明正确的测量方法和应注意的问题。焊缝探伤中,反射波不等于就是缺陷波,如焊缝加强面的反射,管道内台阶的反射或变形的反射等。如定为缺陷反射波后,则首先要判断它的位置,如缺陷定位不当,则对下一步工作影响甚大。缺陷的定位是相对于某些基准面的距离,如说缺陷有多深,这深度是指缺陷相对焊缝表面的距离;如说缺陷的水平距离有多大,这距离是缺陷相对探头或焊缝中心线的量程。为了更明确,有时还应设定更多的基准面,如焊瘤反射时,基准面的位置应在母材底部的外
1 The issue of the proposed 6dB method and 20dB method for the detection of defects within the object to be measured and located, such as measurement methods and steps improper, the results may result in errors or omissions, but here to pipe butt seams as an example to illustrate the correct Measurement methods and problems should be noted. Weld inspection, the reflected wave is not equal to the defect wave, such as the weld to strengthen the surface reflection, the reflection of the pipe level or deformation of the reflection. If set as a defect after the reflected wave, we must first determine its location, such as the improper positioning of defects, the next great impact on the work. Defects are located relative to some of the reference surface distance, such as how deep the defect, the depth of the defect relative to the surface of the weld distance; as the horizontal distance of the defect how much, the distance is the defect relative to the probe or weld Centerline range. In order to be more specific, sometimes more reference planes should be set, such as welding tumor reflection, the reference plane should be the bottom of the base material outside