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Muscle-derived stem cells were isolated from the skeletal muscle of Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats aged 3 days old.Cells at passage 5 were incubated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10％ (v/v) fetal bovine serum,20 μg/L nerve growth factor,20 μg/L basic fibroblast growth factor and 1％ (v/v) penicillin for 6 days.Cells presented with long processes, similar to nerve cells.Connections were formed between cell processes.Immunocytochemical staining with neuron specific enolase verified that cells differentiated into neuron-like cells. Immunofluorescence cytochemistry and western blot results revealed that the expression of protein hairy enhancer of split-1 was significantly reduced.These results indicate that low expression of protein hairy enhancer of split-1 participates in the differentiation of muscle-derived stem cells into neuron-like cells.