论文部分内容阅读
本文首先论述了山丹马的历史渊源,指出山丹马母系——河西马来源有三:一是青藏高原东北部以游牧为主的羌族和氐族人驯养的马,是河西马的主体;二是西部马的影响;三是蒙古马的进入。然后,对山丹马的遗传基础进行分析,山丹马除母系河西马的种质外,另外引入25％顿河马血液,通过系统选育,形成山丹马现有种质特性,并总结出其主要经济指标,最后阐述生境因素对山丹马的塑造作用:(1)地形地貌对产区分布的影响;(2)气候生态因子对山丹马的影响。热量不足、降水较多、年蒸发量大是产区的主要气候特征,并分析了降水量形成的宏观因素和小气候因素。产区的年蒸发量大,故赋于该品种体质结实干燥、气质灵敏等特点;(3)产区的植被状况对山丹马形成起着重要作用。
This paper first discusses the history of Shandan horse, pointing out that there are three sources of Shandan Ma-Hexi horse origin: First, the nomadic mainly Qiang and Lishan domesticated horses in northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are the main body of Hexi Ma; The impact of western horses; third, the entrance of Mongolian horses. Then, the genetic basis of Shandan Ma was analyzed. Shandan Ma addition to the germplasm of the matriarch Hexi Ma, but also introduced 25% of the blood of Dayton horse blood, through the systematic breeding, the existing germplasm characteristics Shandan Ma and concluded The main economic indicators, and finally elaborated the shaping effect of habitat on Shandanma: (1) the impact of topography on the distribution of producing areas; (2) the impact of climatic ecological factors on Shandanma. The lack of calories, more precipitation, annual evaporation is the main climate characteristics of the producing areas, and analyzes the formation of precipitation and macro-microclimate factors. The annual evaporation in the producing area is large, so it is endowed with strong and dry physique, sensitive temperament and so on. (3) The vegetation status in producing areas plays an important role in the formation of Shandanma.