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目的了解深圳市西乡街道15岁以上居民两周患病情况及相关影响因素,为合理配置卫生资源,制定卫生服务政策等提供依据。方法 2013年11~12月,采用随机整群抽样方法选取深圳市西乡街道2 915例常住居民进行问卷调查,采用χ2检验和多元逐步logistic回归方法分析居民两周患病的影响因素。结果深圳市西乡街道居民两周患病率为15.81%,慢性病占两周患病的77.87%。回归分析结果显示35~44岁组、45~54岁组和55岁以上年龄组的两周患病风险分别是15~34岁组的1.85、4.03和8.70倍;初中及以下、高中/中专文化程度居民的两周患病风险分别是大专及以上的1.52、1.44倍;人均月收入3 000元~组和5 000元~组两周患病风险分别是<3 000元组的1.46、1.49倍;超重和肥胖者两周患病风险分别是体重正常或偏瘦者的1.64、3.38倍;饮酒者两周患病风险是不饮酒者的1.63倍。结论西乡街道15岁以上居民两周患病以慢性病为主,老年人群、低文化程度、超重和肥胖、吸烟者的卫生服务需求相对较高,并应加强对高收入人群健康状况的关注。
Objective To understand the two-week prevalence and related factors of residents over the age of 15 in Xixiang streets, Shenzhen, and provide the basis for rational allocation of health resources and formulation of health service policies. Methods From November to December 2013, a random cluster sampling method was used to select 2 915 permanent residents of Xixiang Subdistrict, Shenzhen for questionnaire survey. The factors influencing residents’ two-week prevalence were analyzed by Chi-square test and multivariate stepwise logistic regression. Results The prevalence of two-week residents in Xixiang, Shenzhen was 15.81%, and chronic diseases accounted for 77.87% of the two weeks. Regression analysis showed that the two-week prevalence of 35-44 age group, 45-54 age group and 55-year-old age group were 1.85, 4.03 and 8.70 times higher than those of 15-34 group respectively. The junior high school and below, The two-week prevalence of residents with education level was 1.52 and 1.44 times that of college and above respectively; the per-capita monthly income of 3 000 yuan ~ group and 5 000 yuan ~ group were 1.46,1.49 Times. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in two weeks were 1.64 and 3.38 times of those with normal weight or lean body weight, respectively. The risk of drinkers in two weeks was 1.63 times of the non-drinkers. Conclusion Residents aged 15 and over in Xixiang Street are mainly chronic diseases for two weeks. Elderly people, low education level, overweight and obesity have relatively high demand for health services for smokers and should pay more attention to the health status of high-income people.