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目的：探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者糖化血红蛋白( HbA1c)与血液流变学指标的相关性，以及其在糖尿病微血管病变中的作用。方法选择2014年1月-2015年4月内分泌科T2DM患者210例（T2DM组）和体检健康者90名（对照组）进行HbA1c和血液流变学指标检测，并对血液流变学指标与HbA1c、红细胞压积的相关性进行分析。结果男、女性T2DM组患者全血（低切、中切、高切）黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积、HbA1c均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001）。T2DM患者HbA1c与全血低切黏度、全血中切黏度、全血高切黏度、血浆黏度均呈正相关（r=0.578、0.568、0.564、0.532，P＜0.01），红细胞压积与全血低切黏度、全血中切黏度、全血高切黏度、血浆黏度均呈正相关（r=0.810、0.816、0.825、0.558，P＜0.01），HbA1c与红细胞压积呈正相关（r=0.443，P＜0.01）。结论定期监测HbA1c、血液流变学指标的变化，对T2DM患者微血管病变的病情预测、早期诊治和疗效观察有重要意义。“,”Objective To investigate the correlation of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and hemorheological indexes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their application in type 2 diabetic patients with microangiopathy. Methods HbA1c, hemorheological indexes and hematocrit of 210 T2DM patients (T2DM group) and 90 healthy people (control group) admitted to our hospital from January 2014 to April 2015 were detected to analyze the correlation of HbA1c and hemorheological indexes. Results Low shear viscosity of whole blood,middle shear viscosity of whole blood, high shear viscosity of whole blood, plasma viscosity, hematocrit and HbA1c were all significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.001). Correlation analysis showed that low shear viscosity of whole blood, middle shear viscosity of whole blood, high shear viscosity of whole blood, plasma viscosity were all positively correlated with HbA1c (r=0.578, 0.568, 0.564, 0.532, P<0.01) and hematocrit (r=0.810, 0.816, 0.825, 0.558, P<0.01). Conclusion It is of great importance to detect HbA1c and hemorheological indexes for the prediction of disease, early diagnosis and curative effect observation in T2DM patients with microangiopathy.