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脂联素(ad iponectin)是来源于脂肪组织的脂肪细胞因子之一,具有抗炎、抗糖尿病、抗动脉粥样硬化和增敏胰岛素的作用。脂联素的这些效应必须通过脂联素受体1(Ad ipoR1)和Ad ipoR2的介导。近年的研究发现,Ad ipoR1在骨骼肌中有丰富表达,Ad ipoR2主要在肝中表达;Ad ipoR1和Ad ipoR2也在人和鼠的胰岛β细胞中表达,其水平与肝中类似,比骨骼肌更高;Ad ipoR1和Ad ipoR2也可在单核细胞和巨噬细胞中表达。过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-α(PPAR-α)、PPAR-γ和肝X受体(LXR)的激动剂以及生长激素(GH)可影响脂联素受体的表达和调节。
Adiponectin is one of the adipocytokines derived from adipose tissue and has anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-atherosclerotic and insulin-sensitizing effects. These effects of adiponectin must be mediated through adiponectin receptor 1 (Ad ipoR1) and Ad ipoR2. Recent studies have found that Ad ipoR1 is abundantly expressed in skeletal muscle and that Ad ipoR2 is mainly expressed in the liver; Ad ipoR1 and Ad ipoR2 are also expressed in human and rat pancreatic β-cells at levels similar to those in the liver, Higher; Ad ipoR1 and Ad ipoR2 are also expressed in monocytes and macrophages. Activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha), PPAR-gamma and hepatic X receptor (LXR), and growth hormone (GH) can affect adiponectin receptor expression and regulation.