论文部分内容阅读
目的了解海门市慢性非传染性疾病(慢性病)患病情况、特点与危险因素,探索防控方法。方法对10 324名≥15岁常住居民进行体格检查和问卷调查。结果调查人群慢性病患病率29.5%,平均每个患者患1.5种慢性病。高血压患病率25.6%,糖尿病患病率5.3%。居民人均盐摄入量8.9g/d,运动量≥6 000步/d的占9.0%,超重率33.1%。慢性病危险因素logistic回归分析显示:年龄大、BMI值高、有家族史、锻炼少和饮酒频率高为高血压主要危险因素;年龄大、BMI高、锻炼少、有家族史、女性和文化程度低为糖尿病主要危险因素。慢性病主要是高血压、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤和慢性阻塞性肺病。结论慢性病的共同危险因素是膳食结构不合理、口味偏咸、缺乏锻炼和超重肥胖等。建议增加防治投入,开展健康教育和行为干预,倡导控盐、控油、控制体重、增强锻炼等健康生活方式,以控制慢性病危害。
Objective To understand the prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of chronic non-communicable diseases (chronic diseases) in Haimen and to explore prevention and control methods. Methods Physical examination and questionnaire survey were conducted on 10 324 permanent residents ≥15 years old. Results The prevalence of chronic diseases in the surveyed population was 29.5%, with an average of 1.5 chronic diseases per patient. The prevalence of hypertension is 25.6% and the prevalence of diabetes is 5.3%. Per capita salt intake of residents 8.9g / d, exercise ≥ 6000 steps / d accounted for 9.0%, overweight rate of 33.1%. Logistic regression analysis of chronic disease risk factors showed that: older, higher BMI, family history, less exercise and high drinking frequency were the main risk factors of hypertension; older age, higher BMI, less exercise, family history, women and lower education level Diabetes is the main risk factor. Chronic diseases are mainly high blood pressure, diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, malignant tumors and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Conclusion The common risk factors of chronic diseases are unreasonable diet structure, salty taste, lack of exercise and overweight and obesity. Proposed to increase investment in prevention and control, carry out health education and behavior intervention, advocate salt control, oil control, weight control, and exercise to enhance healthy lifestyles to control chronic diseases.