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以辽宁彰武县保护性耕作示范推广基地土壤为研究对象,对比研究了传统犁耕和保护性耕作(6年免耕秸秆覆盖)条件下土壤线虫的总数、物种组成和营养类群的差异及其与土壤理化指标的关系,结果表明:各处理共观测到土壤线虫34个属,其中拟丽突属(Acrobeloides)、板唇属(Chiloplacus)、螺旋属(Helicotylenchus)、矮小属(Merlinius)和短体属(Pratylenchus)为优势属。较犁耕相比,保护性耕作显著提高了土壤线虫总数和各营养类群线虫多度、改变了线虫优势属和营养类群的结构。相关分析表明,保护性耕作条件下土壤线虫的总数、各优势属和营养类群与土壤养分含量、pH和孔隙度等理化性质之间关系密切。研究证明土壤线虫群落的物种和营养结构对保护性耕作土壤质量变化具有良好的生物指示作用。
Taking the soil of the demonstration base of conservation tillage in Zhangwu County, Liaoning Province as the research object, the differences of total number, species composition and nutrition groups of soil nematodes between the traditional plow and conservation tillage (no-tillage with straw mulching) The results showed that there were 34 genera of soil nematodes in all treatments, among which Acrobeloides, Chiloplacus, Helicotylenchus, Merlinius, Pratylenchus is the dominant genus. Compared with plowing, conservation tillage significantly increased the total number of soil nematodes and the abundance of nematodes of each nutrient group, changing the structure of dominant species and nutrient groups. Correlation analysis showed that there was a close relationship between the total number of soil nematodes, the dominant genus and nutrition groups under conservation tillage and the physicochemical properties such as soil nutrient content, pH and porosity. Studies have demonstrated that the species and nutrient structure of soil nematode communities have a good bioindicating effect on conservation tillage soil quality.