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一、本章学习要点本章中主要讨论水和电解质平衡和酸碱平衡。水代谢的重点是正常成人体液含量与分布,水的生理功能,水的动态平衡及其调节。体液中电解质分布与含量,无机盐的生理功能,钠、钾含量与排泄。酸碱平衡的重点为体内酸碱平衡的调节,包括血液缓冲作用,肺对酸碱平衡调节作用和肾对酸碱平衡的调节作用。酸碱平衡失调中代谢性酸中毒的概念。二、问题解答 1.正常成人含水量占体重的百分比是多少?比较一下婴幼儿与老年人,瘦者与胖者含水百分比差异,并说明原因。
First, the chapter learning points This chapter focuses on water and electrolyte balance and acid-base balance. Water metabolism focuses on normal adult body fluid content and distribution, physiological functions of water, water dynamic balance and regulation. Electrolytes Distribution and Content in Body Fluid, Physiological Function of Inorganic Salts, Sodium and Potassium Contents and Excretion. Acid-base balance of acid-base balance in the regulation, including the role of blood buffer, lung regulation of acid-base balance and renal regulation of acid-base balance. The concept of metabolic acidosis in acid-base balance disorders. Second, the problem solution 1. What is the percentage of normal adult water content of body weight? Compare infants with the elderly, lean and fat percentage differences in water content, and explain the reasons.