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1957年作者等在华北盛产野生麦角的地区张北及沽源进行了生态因子的调查,并在东北搜集了不同寄主上野生麦角的样本作含硷量的此较分析.张北及沽源禾本科植物对麦角病感染程度由重至轻的顺序为碱草、赖草、大麦草、紫穗大麦草、黑麦、偏穗冰草及披碱草,其平均感染百分数分别为68.48、60.97、60.00、50.00、42.00、14.00及6.59.此外拂子茅亦有轻度感染.大麦、小麦、燕麦及无芒雀麦均未发现感染.野生寄主植物中以赖草和碱草分布最广,其大片单独群落的密度每平方米平均分别为61茎和79茎,披碱草亦有大片羣落,平均密度每平方米为38茎,其他禾草的分布极为零星.估计张北及沽源麦角的年产量至少有12万市斤。张北及沽源盛产野生麦角的生态因子为:(1)有大量的感染寄主,(2)每年积累大量菌源,(3)长期寒冷的冬季,及6、7、8月阴雨气候.麦角形成最盛期为7月下旬至8月上旬,采收最合宜的时期为8月中旬.华北及东北地区各种寄主植物所产麦角含硷量差别很大,由高至低的顺序为:拂子茅(麦角总硷计0.577％),老芒麦(0.44％),披碱草(0.30-0.34％),赖草(0.13-0.15％),碱草(0.115％),黑麦(0.061-0.065％);同一寄主植物在不同地区所产麦角的含硷量差异很少.含硷量的高低与菌核的大小,颜色等关系亦不大.寄生于赖草、碱草、披碱草、老芒麦及黑麦的麦角菌经鉴定均为Clavicepspurpurea,寄生于拂子茅的麦角菌为C.microcephala。
In 1957, the authors investigated the ecological factors in Zhangbei and Wuyuan, which are rich areas of wild Erjiao in North China, and collected samples of wild ergots from different hosts in the northeast. The order of severity of ergot infection in undergraduates was alkali grass, Leymus chinensis, barley grass, barley grass, rye, Pleurotus tremuloides, and Elymus, with an average infection rate of 68.48, 60.97, respectively. 60.00, 50.00, 42.00, 14.00, and 6.59. In addition, there was mild infection in F. glauca. No infection was found in barley, wheat, oats, and awnless brome. The wild host plants were most widely distributed in Leymus chinensis and Alkali grass. The average density of large individual communities is 61 stems and 79 stems per square meter respectively, and there are also large communities of Elymus, with an average density of 38 stems per square meter, and the distribution of other alfalfa is extremely sporadic. Estimated Zhangbei and Wuyuan Erjiao The annual output of at least 120,000 Jin. The ecological factors of wild ergots in Zhangbei and Wuyuan are: (1) there are a large number of infected hosts, (2) a large number of bacterial sources accumulate each year, (3) long-term cold winters, and rainy weather in June, July, and August. The most prosperous period is from late July to early August. The most suitable period for harvesting is mid-August. The amount of oysters produced by various host plants in North China and Northeast China varies greatly. The order from high to low is: Sporata (ergopsis oleracea total 0.577%), Old rye (0.44%), Elymus (0.30-0.34%), Leymus (0.13-0.15%), Alkaloid (0.115%), Rye (0.061- 0.065%); The same host plant in different regions of the ergot oyster production difference is very small. The level of cerium containing sclerotia and the size of the sclerotia, the relationship between the color is not large. Parasitic in the Leymus, alkaloids, Elymus The ergots of Lauraceae, Rangoma and Rye were all identified as Claviceps purpurea, and the ergots infested with F. striata were C. microcephala.