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对于基层社会治理中正式制度与非正式制度的关系,现行讨论中有“互补说”、“替代说”与“冲突说”等三种代表性观点,但这些观点大都忽略了微观治理“场域”的问题,难以解释制度变迁的现象。通过研究C街道物业管理体制变迁从正式制度失灵到非正式制度起效,再到非正式制度的“负外部性”致使正式制度“回归”这样一个正式制度与非正式制度“循环性变迁”的历程,我们发现,正式制度与非正式制度之间的关系并不是一种静态结构,而是一个制度安排随着社会情境改变而不断变化的动态过程。而促使这种变化的内在机制则在于制度安排对于治理场域的“恰适性”。基于此,文章从治理场域中行为主体间关系的角度探寻制度选择的“恰适性”逻辑,将其解构为治理主体组织逻辑的有机统一、社区居民关系结构的合理适用、社区居民对治理主体的组织认同等三个重要特征,以期能为实际应用提供参考与借鉴。
For the relationship between the formal system and the informal system in the primary social governance, there are three kinds of representative opinions in the current discussion, such as “complementarity”, “substitution” and “conflict”, but most of these views are ignored Microscopic governance “field ” problem, it is difficult to explain the phenomenon of institutional change. By studying the changes of property management system in C Street, from the failure of the formal system to the informal system, and then to the “negative externalities” of the informal system, a formal system and an informal system that lead to the formal system “return We find that the relationship between the formal system and the informal system is not a static structure, but a dynamic process in which the institutional arrangements change constantly with changes in the social context. The internal mechanism to promote this change lies in the ”appropriateness“ of institutional arrangements for governance fields. Based on this, the article explores the ”appropriateness" logic of institutional choice from the perspective of the relationship between actors in the governance field, deconstructing it into the organic unity of the logic of the governing subject and the reasonable application of the structure of the community residents’ relations. The community residents Organization of the main governance of the three important characteristics, in order to provide practical reference for reference.