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自从1937年应用茶硷治疗支气管哮喘以来,茶硷一直被用于哮喘发作的预防及治疗。近年来,由于茶硷血浓度测定方法的改进,有关其血浓度及临床效果的对应关系的报告较多。由于茶硷的清除率有个体差异,特别是其清除率因年龄而异,Zaske报告1～9岁与5～19岁的茶硷清除率较成人为高。一般认为茶硷的有效血浓度为10～20μg/ml,此浓度与中毒量颇为接近,因此在维持血浓度以保持其疗效时必须根据年龄、个体而酌量用之。本文就以维持血浓度10～20μg/ml的水平,就氨茶硷的静注量及后续维持量进行研究。被研究的对象系71例哮喘患儿,此71例在1981年2月至10月间共发作102次,发作时均给予氨茶硷静注,对重症患儿有的给予补液、β受体兴奋剂、吸氧、纠正酸中毒及皮质激素等治疗。
Theophylline has been used for the prevention and treatment of asthma attacks since the theophylline was used to treat bronchial asthma in 1937. In recent years, there has been a lot of reports on the correspondence between the blood concentration and the clinical effect due to the improvement of the theophylline blood concentration measurement method. Due to the individual differences in the theophylline clearance rates, and in particular their clearance rates, which vary according to age, Zaske reports a higher rate of theophylline clearance in adults aged 1 to 9 and 5 to 19 years than adults. Generally believed that the theophylline effective blood concentration of 10 ~ 20μg / ml, this concentration is quite close to the amount of poisoning, and therefore maintaining blood concentration in order to maintain its efficacy must be based on age, individual and discretionary use. In this paper, to maintain the blood concentration of 10 ~ 20μg / ml level on the intravenous aminophylline and follow-up to maintain the amount of research. A total of 71 asthmatic children were enrolled in this study. Of the 71 patients who received a total of 102 episodes during February to October 1981, aminophylline was given intravenously at the time of onset and rehydration was given to critically ill children, Stimulants, oxygen, correct acidosis and corticosteroids and other treatment.