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波尔多液,是一种由硫酸铜和生石灰,在水内溶解后配制成的杀菌剂。配制时,按照使用石灰与硫酸铜的比例,常将波尔多液分作半量式(生石灰与硫酸铜的比例,为0.5比1)、等量式(1比1)、倍量式(2比1),以及多量式(3比1以上)等多种。各种果树对石灰和硫酸铜的敏感性(或忍受性),是不相同的。例如,桃、李等核果类果树,对硫酸铜极为敏感,因此,不能喷布波尔多液。苹果、梨等仁果类树,对石灰的忍受性比硫酸铜强,因此,多喷布倍量式或多量式波尔多液。葡萄对硫酸铜的忍受证较强,对石灰比较敏感。因此,配制和使用波尔多液时,要控制石灰用量,一般不用倍量或多量式波尔多液,常用的是等量式或半量式波尔多液,以免石灰比例过高时发生药害。
Bordeaux mixture is a fungicide formulated with copper sulphate and quicklime dissolved in water. In the preparation, according to the ratio of using lime and copper sulfate, the Bordeaux mixture is often used as a semi-amount liquid (the ratio of quick lime to copper sulfate is 0.5 to 1), the same amount (1 to 1) ), And a large number of (3 to 1 or more) and many other. The sensitivity (or endurance) of various fruit trees to lime and copper sulfate is not the same. For example, peach, plum and other stone fruit trees, copper sulfate is extremely sensitive, therefore, can not spray Bordeaux mixture. Apple, pear and other pome trees, the endurance of lime is stronger than copper sulfate, therefore, more spray cloth or multiple-volume Bordeaux mixture. Grapes against copper sulfate endure strong, more sensitive to lime. Therefore, the preparation and use of Bordeaux mixture, to control the amount of lime, generally do not multiply or multi-volume Bordeaux mixture, commonly used is the equivalent or semi-volume Bordeaux mixture, so as to avoid excessive lime injury occurs when the ratio.