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地震各向异性是指速度随方向的变化。这个现象可能影响地震数据的时—深转换,其结果是导致地下构造的错误成像。该错误能严重地改变勘探目标的位置。通过研究地震各向异性,我们能够更好地评价一个远景区的目标,从而减少勘探风险和所包括的费用。导致地震各向异性的主要原因在于排列整齐的矿物颗粒、排列整齐的裂缝、排列整齐的结晶体以及薄层的周期性(Helbig,1994)。由周期性薄层所产生的影响在典型的层状碎屑岩层序,特别是在页岩
Seismic anisotropy refers to the change of velocity with direction. This phenomenon may affect the time-depth conversion of seismic data, with the result that false imaging of subsurface structures results. This error can seriously change the location of the exploration target. By studying the seismic anisotropy, we can better evaluate the goals of a prospective area, thereby reducing exploration risks and the costs involved. The main causes of seismic anisotropy are neatly arranged mineral particles, neatly arranged cracks, neatly arranged crystals and the periodicity of thin layers (Helbig, 1994). The effects of the periodic thin layers are typical in the sequence of layered clastic rocks, especially in shale