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目的了解十堰市妊娠妇女对营养知识的知晓情况、获知途径及营养态度,为今后开展孕妇营养宣教提供依据。方法随机对在该市两家三级甲等医院孕检的孕妇进行问卷调查,内容包括营养相关的知识点、获知途径及对营养的态度,按孕妇分娩经历分为初产妇组和经产妇组,并对2组问卷结果进行统计学分析。结果该市孕妇营养知识知晓率不高且不全面,孕中晚期每天需摄入的钙量、钙片的正确服用方法和我国建议孕妇每天食盐的摄入量3项知识点掌握差。仅孕妇是否吃得越多越好一项初产妇掌握情况优于经产妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其余知识点经产妇回答正确的比例均高于初产妇,但仅少部分知识点掌握情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。孕妇营养知识获取的主要途径是科普书籍(65.45%)、医务人员(40.58%)、医院宣传栏和网络/电视媒体(32.46%)。经产妇选择医务人员为获知途径的比例明显高于初产妇(P<0.05)。93.19%的孕妇愿意接受或认为有必要进行营养知识宣教。结论该市孕妇营养知识认知情况一般,但具有积极的营养态度,医务人员应加强对孕妇营养知识的宣教,尤其是对初产妇的健康教育,这对促进孕妇改变不良健康行为和减少母子妊娠相关疾病的发生具有重要意义。
Objective To understand the awareness of nutritional knowledge in pregnant women in Shiyan City, to find out the ways and nutritional attitude, and to provide basis for carrying out nutrition education for pregnant women in the future. Methods Randomly surveyed the pregnant women who were pregnant in the two first-class hospitals in the city. The questionnaires included nutrition-related knowledge, ways of knowing and attitude towards nutrition. According to the experience of pregnant women, they were divided into primipara and maternal group The results of two questionnaires were statistically analyzed. Results The awareness of nutritional knowledge of pregnant women in the city is not high and not comprehensive, the amount of daily intake of calcium in the second trimester, the correct method of taking calcium tablets and daily intake of salt in our country recommended three knowledge points to master the poor. Only pregnant women eat more is better, a primipara situation is better than that of the mothers, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); other knowledge points by the mothers to answer the correct proportion were higher than primipara, but only a small part Knowledge points grasp the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The main ways to gain knowledge of nutrition for pregnant women were popular science books (65.45%), medical staff (40.58%), hospital bulletin boards and online / TV media (32.46%). The proportion of maternal choice of medical staff to be informed was significantly higher than that of primipara (P <0.05). 93.19% of pregnant women are willing to accept or think it is necessary to carry out nutrition education. Conclusion The knowledge of nutritional knowledge of pregnant women in the city is general, but with a positive nutritional attitude, medical staff should strengthen the education of nutrition knowledge of pregnant women, especially the health education of primipara, which can promote pregnant women to change bad health behaviors and reduce the pregnancy of pregnant women The occurrence of related diseases is of great significance.