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巴基斯坦有悠久的灌溉历史,十九世纪末灌溉面积为2250万亩,1947年增至1.5亿亩,1963年达到2亿亩。由于有些地区长期有灌无排,土壤盐渍化严重。有关资料表明,1900～1930年地下水埋深一般为10～20米,而到1954年已有60%的灌溉面积地下水埋深小于3米,其中沼泽化的占25%,盐斑占25%,重盐渍化占10%。在1930年～1960年的30年间,每年有30～60万亩耕地被盐渍化吞噬,成为对巴基斯坦农业最大的威协,因而,防治灌区盐渍化就成为巴基斯坦农业存亡的关键问题。为此巴基斯坦政府在1958年决定成立“瓦普达”实施“斯卡普”计划。
Pakistan has a long history of irrigation. At the end of the nineteenth century, the irrigated area was 22.5 million mu, increased to 150 million mu in 1947 and 200 million mu in 1963. Due to long-term irrigation and drainage in some areas, soil salinization is serious. The data show that the depth of groundwater from 1900 to 1930 was generally 10 to 20 meters. By 1954, 60% of the irrigated area had less than 3 meters of groundwater, of which 25% were marsh, 25% were salt spots, Heavy salinization accounted for 10%. In the 30 years between 1930 and 1960, 300,000 to 600,000 mu of arable land was swallowed by salinization each year, becoming the largest prestige association for agriculture in Pakistan. Therefore, the prevention and control of salinization in irrigation areas has become a key issue for the survival of agriculture in Pakistan. To this end, the Pakistani government in 1958 decided to set up “Wappuda” implementation of “Scar Cap” program.