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以蕹菜(Ipomoea akuatica Forsk.)品种“白花子蕹”为研究材料,在商丘学院实验田研究了不同水分梯度(土壤含水量分别为田间持水量的70%~80%(S1处理)、80%~90%(S2处理)和90%~100%(S3处理))和氮肥施用量(分别追施0(D0处理,CK)、120(D1处理)、135(D2处理)、150(D3处理)kg/hm2的氮肥)对蕹菜叶绿素含量、单株叶片数目与单株生物量的影响。结果表明:水分梯度对叶绿素含量和单株叶片数目的影响不显著,但除了最高和最低氮肥施用量外,叶绿素含量和单株叶片数目均随水分梯度升高而升高,且除最低水分梯度下的单株鲜重和最低氮肥条件下的单株干重外,单株鲜重和单株干重均随水分梯度升高而显著升高;除最低水分梯度下的单株鲜重外,叶绿素含量、单株叶片数目、单株鲜重和单株干重均随氮肥施用量增加而显著升高,但在较高的2种氮肥施用量之间差异不显著。综上,在栽培过程中,土壤含水量为田间持水量的90%~100%,追施135kg/hm2的氮肥最有利于蕹菜的生长和产量的提高且节约肥料。
Taking Ipomoea akuatica Forsk. Variety “Baihuazi” as the research material, different water gradients (70% -80% of the field water content were studied in experimental field of Shangqiu College (S1 treatment) , 80% -90% (S2 treatment) and 90% -100% (S3 treatment)) and nitrogenous fertilizer application rates (D0 treatment CK, 120 (D1 treatment), 135 (D3 treatment) kg / hm2 nitrogen fertilizer) on the chlorophyll content, number of leaves per plant and biomass of single plant. The results showed that the effect of water gradient on the content of chlorophyll and the number of leaves per plant was insignificant. However, except for the highest and lowest nitrogen application rates, the content of chlorophyll and the number of leaves per plant increased with the increase of water gradient. Under the minimum fresh weight and the lowest dry weight per plant, the fresh weight per plant and dry weight per plant increased significantly with the increase of water gradient. Except for the fresh weight per plant under the minimum water gradient, Chlorophyll content, number of leaves per plant, fresh weight per plant and dry weight per plant all increased significantly with the increase of N application rate, but there was no significant difference between the two N application rates. In summary, during the cultivation process, the soil water content is 90% -100% of the field water holding capacity. Nitrogen fertilizer topdressing at 135kg / hm2 is the most conducive to the growth and yield of the water spinach and save fertilizer.