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目的观察视神经损伤前后一氧化氮合酶（NOS）的分布，探讨一氧化氮（NO）在视神经损伤中的变化。方法采用大鼠球后视神经横断伤及钳夹伤模型，利用组化NADPH-黄递酶法，于术后1、3、7、14天检测视神经NOS的分布。结果NOS正常情况分布于视神经鞘膜、神经胶质细胞、血管内皮细胞，损伤后神经胶质细胞NOS活性增加，同时局部浸润的炎性细胞也表现出NOS活性。结论视神经损伤NOS的活性增高，提示NO在视神经损伤的病理生理过程中起一定的作用，可能介导了视神经损伤的继发性损害。
Objective To observe the distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) before and after optic nerve injury and to explore the changes of nitric oxide (NO) in optic nerve injury. Methods The posterior optic nerve transection and clamp injury model were used to detect the distribution of NOS in the optic nerve at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after operation. Results NOS normal distribution in the optic nerve sheath, glial cells, vascular endothelial cells, increased glial injury NOS activity, while infiltrating inflammatory cells also showed NOS activity. Conclusion The increased activity of NOS in optic nerve injury suggests that NO may play a role in the pathophysiology of optic nerve injury and may mediate the secondary damage of optic nerve injury.