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映秀至汶川公路距“5.12”汶川地震震中最近,地震崩塌灾害最重。经过震后三年的详查,借助航片、3D激光扫描及岩体结构精细描述,对公路沿线典型地震崩塌的斜坡破坏部位、微地貌特征、坡度、坡体结构、岩体结构和地层岩性进行研究,运用DDA对八度区典型斜坡体发生崩塌的破坏机理进行模拟研究。结果表明,崩塌部位受控于岩体结构和基岩强风化层,同时,微地貌与发震断裂的位置关系造成的斜坡放大与地震背坡效应对崩塌影响明显。地震崩塌有拉裂-滑移、震动-溃散、震动-抛射三类破坏模式。
Yingxiu to Wenchuan Highway From “5.12” Wenchuan Earthquake Recently, the most serious earthquake collapse. After detailed investigation of three years after the earthquake, using the detailed description of aerial photography, 3D laser scanning and rock mass structure, this paper analyzes the damage parts, the micro-topographical features, the slope, the slope structure, the rock mass structure and the stratigraphic rocks of the typical earthquake collapse along the highway In this paper, DDA is used to simulate the failure mechanism of typical slope body in octave area. The results show that the collapse site is controlled by the rock mass structure and the strong bedrock of the bedrock. At the same time, the slope enlargement due to the location relationship between the microtopography and the seismogenic fault and the earthquake back slope effect have obvious effects on the collapse. There are three types of failure modes of earthquake collapse, such as pull-slip, vibration-collapse, vibration-projection.