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研究了玉米连作10年、小麦连作8年-棉花连作10年、棉花连作15年和棉花6年-6年小麦/油葵轮作4种种植方式对土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、芳基硫酸酯酶、脱氢酶和蛋白酶活性的影响,并分析了土壤细菌、真菌、氨氧化古菌与氨氧化细菌对北疆绿洲农田不同种植方式的响应.结果表明:不同种植方式对土壤过氧化氢酶、芳基硫酸酯酶、脱氢酶和蛋白酶活性影响明显,但对蔗糖酶无显著影响;对氨氧化古菌多样性指数有显著影响,对土壤细菌、真菌和氨氧化细菌多样性指数无明显影响.土壤真菌和氨氧化细菌群落结构对不同种植方式的响应较细菌和氨氧化古菌敏感.长期棉花连作使绿洲农田土壤酶活性下降,微生物群落多样性降低,而轮作可提高土壤酶活性和微生物群落结构多样性.
In this study, the effects of four planting methods including 10 years of continuous cropping of corn, 8 years of continuous cropping of wheat, 10 years of continuous cotton - planting, 15 years of continuous cotton - planting and 6 years of cotton - 6 years of wheat / sunflower rotation were studied on the effects of soil catalase, Esterase, dehydrogenase and protease activities in soil and the responses of soil bacteria, fungi, archaea ammonia amidobacteria and ammonia oxidizing bacteria to different planting methods of farmland in northern oasis were analyzed.The results showed that: Enzyme, Arylsulfatase, Dehydrogenase and protease activity had significant effects, but had no significant effect on sucrase, but had a significant effect on the ammoxidation of archaeal diversity index. The indexes of diversity of soil bacteria, fungi and ammoxidation bacteria were none Significantly affected.The community structure of soil fungi and ammonia oxidizing bacteria were more sensitive to bacteria and Ammonoxydase than other planting methods.Long-term cotton plantation decreased soil enzyme activities and microbial community diversity in oasis farmland, while rotation could increase soil enzyme activities And microbial community structure diversity.