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恶性肿瘤严重危害人类健康,为寻找有效的治疗方法,50多年来人们做了多方面的努力,但治疗仍限于手术、放疗和化疗等直接疗法上。近年来恶性肿瘤治疗有了较大的改进,先后出现了对恶性肿瘤的细胞因子治疗、体细胞治疗和基因治疗等,但仍属直接疗法。最近,基础和临床肿瘤工作者逐渐将注意力集中到肿瘤的间接疗法上。其原因是人们意识到,血管形成不仅为正常生理过程,如伤口愈合、胎盘形成等所必需,而且对病理过程如恶性肿瘤的生长与转移也是十分重要的。一些研究表明,实体瘤的生长和转移依赖血管形成,新生血管为肿瘤细胞提供充分的氧气和营养,新生血管的内皮细胞表达多种生长因子,刺激肿瘤细胞增殖。鉴于此种认识,美国Folkman医师设想利用血管形成抑制剂(Angiogenesis Inhibitor)抑制肿瘤血管形成,使肿瘤细胞因缺血、缺氧而死亡,从而延缓晚期肿瘤生长,延长病人带瘤生
Malignancy is a serious threat to human health. In order to find an effective treatment method, people have made many efforts in more than 50 years, but treatment is still limited to direct therapies such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In recent years, the treatment of malignant tumors has been greatly improved, there have been cytokines on malignant tumors, somatic and gene therapy, but still a direct therapy. Recently, basic and clinical oncologists have gradually focused their attention on indirect oncology of tumors. The reason is that people are aware that the formation of blood vessels is not only necessary for normal physiological processes such as wound healing and placenta formation but also for the growth and metastasis of pathological processes such as malignant tumors. Some studies show that the growth and metastasis of solid tumors depend on the formation of blood vessels. Neovascularization provides sufficient oxygen and nutrients for the tumor cells. The endothelial cells of the neovasculature express various growth factors and stimulate the proliferation of tumor cells. In view of this understanding, the American Folkman physicians envisaged the use of angiogenesis inhibitor (Angiogenesis Inhibitor) to inhibit tumor angiogenesis, tumor cells due to ischemia, hypoxia and death, thereby delaying the late tumor growth and prolonging the patient’s tumorigenicity