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以大鼠为动物模型 ,应用行为畸胎学方法观察了出生前接触铅对胎鼠出生后生长发育、行为能力和学习记忆功能等的毒效应 ,并测定了仔鼠脑海马组织中胆碱乙酰转移酶 (ChAT)活性和兴奋性氨基酸神经递质谷氨酸 (Glu)和门冬氨酸 (Asp)含量的变化 ,拟探讨上述损害可能涉及的生化基础。实验动物随机分为 :对照组 ,饮用去离子水 ;低铅组 ,饮用 0 5g L醋酸铅水 ;高铅组 ,饮用 2g L醋酸铅水 ;染铅从交配前 10天开始直到断乳。结果显示 ,与对照组相比 ,低铅组仔鼠睁眼时间延迟 ;高铅组仔鼠耳廓分离、出毛、门齿萌出、张耳及平面翻正等指标发育延迟 ;跳台试验中 ,2 1日及 35日龄铅暴露组动物出现错误反应的次数明显增多 ;中毒组仔鼠 2 1日及 35日龄时脑海马组织ChAT活性、Glu和Asp含量均明显低于对照组的。该结果提示 ,出生前低铅暴露导致的大鼠胆碱能系统及谷氨酸能系统状态低下与铅的神经行为学毒性相关联
The animal model of behavioral teratology was used to observe the toxic effects of prenatal exposure to lead on the growth, development, behavior and learning and memory functions of fetal rat after birth. The choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity and excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters glutamate (Glu) and aspartate (Asp) content changes, to explore the above damage may be involved in the biochemical basis. The experimental animals were randomly divided into: control group, drinking deionized water; low lead group, drinking 0 5g L lead acetate water; high lead group, drinking 2g L lead acetate water; lead from 10 days before mating until weaning. The results showed that compared with the control group, the pups in the low lead group had a slow time to open their eyes; the auricle separation, hair removal, eruption of the edentulous teeth, On the 1st and the 35th day of age, the number of false positive reactions of lead exposed animals increased obviously. The content of ChAT, Glu and Asp in hippocampus of poisoning group were significantly lower than those of the control group on the 21st and the 35th day. The results suggest that the low cholinergic system and glutamatergic system status of rats induced by low birth lead exposure correlated with lead neurobehavioral toxicity