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目的应用巢式PCR方法检测集中空调风管内壁积尘中嗜肺军团菌的污染情况。方法于2009年8月随机抽取上海市4个城区集中空调冷却水嗜肺军团菌培养法阳性的公共场所,采集集中空调风管内壁积尘。巢式PCR方法扩增嗜肺军团菌种Mip基因,琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测扩增产物。结果共采集空调风管内壁积尘40份,嗜肺军团菌阳性样品11份,阳性率为27.5%(11/40)。4个城区风管内壁积尘中嗜肺军团菌阳性率的差异没有统计学意义(χ2=7.446,P=0.064)。当冷却塔与新风口直线距离处于0～4m范围内,风管内壁积尘中嗜肺军团菌的阳性率随距离增加有升高趋势。结论巢式PCR方法检测积尘中嗜肺军团菌特异性较好,集中空调风管内壁积尘中存在嗜肺军团菌污染。
Objective To detect the contamination of Legionella pneumophila in the inner wall of central air-conditioning duct by nested PCR. Methods In August 2009, four public hospitals in Shanghai were randomly selected to collect positive airborne cooling water and Legionella pneumophila culture methods to collect dust on the inner wall of centralized air-conditioning ducts. Nested PCR amplification of Legionella pneumophila Mip gene, amplification products were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. Results A total of 40 air samples were collected from the inner wall of air-conditioning ducts and 11 positive samples of Legionella pneumophila. The positive rate was 27.5% (11/40). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of Legionella pneumophila between the dust in the inner wall of the four urban districts (χ2 = 7.446, P = 0.064). When the linear distance between the cooling tower and fresh air outlet is in the range of 0 ~ 4m, the positive rate of Legionella pneumophila in the inner wall of the air duct increases with increasing distance. Conclusion The detection of Legionella pneumophila in the dust by nested PCR is better. The contamination of Legionella pneumophila exists in the dust on the inner wall of the air duct.