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随着社会经济的发展,我国现有能源消耗模式呈现出单位产出消耗大、碳排放过度等趋势,这将对中国社会经济的可持续发展形成极大阻力。文章基于历年统计数据,运用一般均衡模型分析发现,一般税费、财政支出变动及能源消耗系数与单位产出能源消费量及碳排放间存在密切关系,但这种影响具有一定局限,而引入资源税展开的计量分析结果表明,实施资源税征收后,能源消耗及碳排放从初始的居高不下到随之大幅直线下降,说明财税调整对经济增长的影响存在短期和长期差异。文章也论证了一般税费变动及财政支出影响存在局限的原因,进而提出相关建议。
With the development of society and economy, the current pattern of energy consumption in our country shows the trend of consumption per unit output and excessive carbon emissions, which will pose great resistance to the sustainable development of China’s social economy. Based on the statistical data of the past years and using the general equilibrium model, it is found that there is a close relationship between the general tax and fee changes, changes in the fiscal expenditure and the energy consumption coefficient and the energy consumption per unit output and carbon emissions. However, this kind of influence has some limitations. However, The results of econometric analysis show that after the implementation of resource taxation, energy consumption and carbon emissions dropped sharply from initial high level to a sharp linear decline, indicating that there are short-term and long-term differences in the impact of fiscal adjustment on economic growth. The article also demonstrates the reasons for the changes of the general tax fee and the impact of the fiscal expenditure, and then puts forward the relevant suggestions.