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一、灾和荒的概念灾和荒是既有联系又有区别的两个不同的概念。所谓灾,是指自然界的破坏力对人类社会造成的损害,也就是自然灾害;所谓荒,是指灾的延续,也就是自然灾害给人类社会造成的损害所带来的人们生产、生活困难。灾主要是受大自然的支配,不能完全由人的意志决定;荒虽然是灾的延续,但灾后有荒无荒、荒的大小,却受着人们战胜灾害能力大小的影响。旧社会有灾必有荒,灾荒是一个统一的概念。新中国有灾,不一定有荒,灾和荒在某种意义上说,已经形成两个不同的概念。
First, the concept of disaster and famine Disasters and famine are both different and different concepts of two different concepts. The so-called disaster, refers to the destructive forces of nature damage to human society, that is, natural disasters; so-called shortage, refers to the continuation of the disaster, that is, natural disasters to human society caused by the damage caused by people’s production and living difficulties. Disasters are mainly dominated by nature and can not be entirely determined by the will of the people. Although the famine is a continuation of the disaster, there are no shortage of wild and wasteland in the aftermath of the disaster but they are affected by people’s ability to overcome the disaster. There must be famine disaster in old society, famine is a unified concept. New China has disaster, not necessarily a shortage, disaster and famine In a sense, has formed two different concepts.