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比喻是一种最常见的修辞,可分为明喻、暗喻和借喻。在学习当中,不少人总是三者混淆,分不清楚,给学习带来一定的困难。其实,三种比喻都有其自己的特征,掌握了这种特征,分辨起来就不会困难了。那么,到底怎样区分这三种比喻呢? 首先我们看明喻与暗喻:它们都有本体、喻体、比喻词。这么看来似乎没有区别,其实不然,它们的区别关键在比喻词。明喻用的比喻词有:“好像”、“像……一样”、“像……似的”、“犹如”、“宛如”、“若”……中心词是“像”和“如”两个。例如:
Metaphor is the most common rhetoric and can be divided into similes, metaphors, and metaphors. In the course of learning, many people always confuse the three, and it is not clear which will bring difficulties to the study. In fact, the three metaphors have their own characteristics. Having mastered this feature, it is not difficult to distinguish them. So, how do we distinguish between these three metaphors? First we look at similes and metaphors: they all have ontology, figurative bodies, and metaphors. It seems that there is no difference in this way. Actually, the difference lies in the metaphorical words. The metaphors used in simile are: “like”, “like”, “like”, “like”, “like”, “if”... The central words are “like” and “like” One. E.g: