论文部分内容阅读
本研究在诱导出水稻花粉植株的基础上,侧重新品种的选育。并把这种方法作为一条育种途径,与品种间杂交、籼粳杂交、辐射诱变等各条育种途径结合起来,于1975年选育出水稻新品种“单丰1号”之后,相继选育出299、7515、8010等优良品系十余个,目前正进行产量和适应性鉴定试验,并相应繁殖种子。与其同时,对花粉植株后代的遗传稳定性和变异性进行了相应的研究。本文主要报道采用花药培养法和其他育种法结合选育水稻新品种和新品系的结果。其他有关资料将另行报道。文中对花药培养法和籼粳杂交、辐射育种相结合的问题进行了讨论。利用花药培养诱导单倍体植株,加倍后快速获得纯合体的特点,无疑会促进新品种的选育工作。我们从1971年开始水稻花药培养的研究以来,先后对提高水稻花粉植株的诱导频率、后代选育等问题作过一些报道。但把花药培养与其他育种途径紧密结合选育新品种的研究,还没有进行过系统的总结。显然,花药培养和有性杂交、特别是和辐射诱变相结合,对充分利用和不断丰富现有的基因库有着积极的意义。本文报道这方面的研究结果。
In this study, rice pollen plants induced on the basis of focus on breeding new varieties. And this method as a breeding way, with the variety of hybridization, indica japonica hybridization, radiation mutagenesis and other breeding methods, combined in 1975, breeding a new rice variety “Shanfeng 1”, one after another breeding Out of 299,7515,8010 and other fine lines more than ten, is currently carrying out yield and adaptive identification test, and the corresponding breeding seed. In the meantime, the genetic stability and variability of pollen progeny were studied. This paper reports the results of anther culture and other breeding methods combined with breeding of new rice varieties and lines. Other relevant information will be reported separately. In this paper, the problems of anther culture method, indica-japonica hybridization and radiation breeding are discussed. Induction of haploid plants by anther culture, doubling the characteristics of homozygotes, will undoubtedly promote the breeding of new varieties. Since we started the research of rice anther culture in 1971, we have made some reports on the induction frequency of rice pollen plants and the breeding of future generations. However, the anther culture and other breeding methods are closely integrated with the selection and breeding of new varieties, and no systematic review has been conducted. Obviously, anther culture and sexual hybridization, especially with radiation mutagenesis, have positive implications for the full utilization and continuous enrichment of existing gene banks. This article reports the results of this research.