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目的通过对西安某高校教职工恶性肿瘤早期发现高危因素知晓的调查研究,提出健康促进及预防干预措施。方法对422名在职教职工进行问卷调查。内容包括个人基本信息,学历、职称、学校工作时间及已经患有的慢病、肿瘤等个人因素;肿瘤早期信号等项目的知晓情况。结果有效问卷387份,男性251人(64.9%)、女性136人(35.1%),年龄22~60(40.5±5.5)岁,教师288人(74.4%),硕士以上学历193人(49.9%),副高以上职称183人(47.3%);学校工作20年以内292人(75.5%),已经患有多种慢性疾病和肿瘤191人次(49.3%);肿瘤认知调查中仅有“缺乏运动、久坐”(64.6%)和“超过3个月不明原因的消瘦”(51.9%)两项知晓率超过50%;仅148人回答了“生病时是否首先向校医求助”的问题,其中115人(29.7%)选择“是”。结论高校教职工年龄较轻、高学历、高职称和大多数到学校工作时间不到20年,但已经患有各种慢性病及肿瘤者已较多;其生活方式存在很大问题,肿瘤高危因素的知晓情况和健康状况令人担忧。在恶性肿瘤的防控上应大力倡导,防治对象的改变、防治阶段的改变、防治手段的改变,从根本上降低发病。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of early detection of malignant tumors in faculty in Xi’an and to provide health promotion and prevention interventions. Methods A total of 422 in-service staff were surveyed. Including personal basic information, academic qualifications, job title, school working hours and have been suffering from chronic diseases, cancer and other personal factors; early signal of tumor awareness of the project. Results A total of 387 questionnaires were valid, including 251 males (64.9%), 136 females (35.1%), aged 22-60 (40.5 ± 5.5) years, 288 teachers (74.4%) and 193 majors (49.9% 183 (47.3%) with associate professorship or above, 292 (75.5%) within 20 years of school work, 191 persons (49.3%) with various chronic diseases and tumors, and Exercise, sedentary “(64.6%) and” more than 3 months of unexplained weight loss “(51.9%) both over 50%; only 148 answered the” Of the questions, 115 (29.7%) chose “yes ”. Conclusion The faculty members in colleges and universities are young, highly educated, with high academic titles and most of them have less than 20 years of working experience in school. However, they are already suffering from a variety of chronic diseases and neoplasms. Their lifestyle has great problems. The risk factors for cancer The awareness and health status are worrisome. In the prevention and control of malignant tumors should be advocated, the prevention and control of the object changes, prevention and treatment phase changes, prevention and treatment changes, fundamentally reduce the incidence.